Indian government increase legal age of women marriage from 18 to 21 .

https://www.theindianstatement.com/


DELHI JULY 22 :  The legal age of marriage for women in india is likely to be revised from 18 years of age to 21 years of age as the government has formed a high level committee to go into the matter and submit recommendations by july 31 .
The 10 member task force will have as members  secretaries health , Women and Child Development, Law and  
School Education. 
 It will be headed by former Samata Party president Jaya  Jaitly and will have among members V K Paul, Member, Health , Niti Ayog .
Health, Women and Child Development, Law and  School Education.  It will be headed by former Samata Party president Jaya  
Jaitly and will have among members V K Paul, Member,The task force will examine the matters related to motherhood  and marriage at an early age   the age of motherhood imperatives of lowering maternal mortality rate 
 improvement of nutritional levels  
 related issues


The History of laws regarding minimum age of marriage  
The law prescribes a minimum age of marriage to essentially  
outlaw child marriages and prevent abuse of minors. 
The Indian Penal Code enacted in 1860 criminalised any  
sexual intercourse with a girl below the age of 10 
 Age of Consent Bill, 1927 made marriages with a girl under 12 invalid .


Sarda Act of 1929 

 In 1929, the Child Marriage Restraint Act set 14 and 18 years  
as the minimum age of marriage for women and men  
respectively. 
The law is popularly known as Sarda Act after its sponsor  
Harbilas Sarda, a judge and a member of Arya Samaj.


The Child Marriage Restraint Act was the first social reform  
issue taken up by an organized women’s group in India. 
This group pressured many politicians into supporting the  
act by picketing their delegations, holding placards and  
shouting slogans.  
 They believed that with the passing of this act, it would  
show the world that India is serious about social reforms.
Was the law implemented? 
 The Act remained a dead letter during the colonial period  
of British rule in India 
 British did not want to earn the displeasure of the  
communal elements among the Hindus and Muslims. 
 Princely states were exempted.


Post Independence  


 1978 - Sarda act amended . Since then, the minimum legal  
age for marriage has been 18 for women and 21 for men. 
 2006 - Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 also prescribe  
18 and 21 years as the minimum age of consent for marriage  
for women and men respectively. Strict punishments .


The various laws  
• Personal laws of various religions that deal with marriage  
have their own standards, often reflecting custom. 
• For Hindus, Section 5(iii) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955  
sets 18 years as the minimum age for the bride and 21 years  
as the minimum age for the groom 
• In Islam, the marriage of a minor who has attained puberty  
is considered valid under personal law.
Problems arising out of early marriage  
Data reflects that girls who are married before the age of 18  
are  More likely to experience unwanted pregnancies 
Vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases and  
At a greater risk of pregnancy related complications and  maternal mortality. 
 Lack the recourse to proper education and access to health  care, antenatal care, skilled child delivery and the complete  
vaccination of the infants fant mortality and death of young children is significantly  
higher in children born to mothers who are married at an  
early age, according to a report by NCBI.


How big a problem is this?
 
• In 2005-2006, 44.5 % of women between the ages of 20-24 years  
in India reported being married before 18 years of age. 
• As per a UNICEF study, around 27% of the women in India are  
married before turning 18. 
• Girls in the age group of 15-19 who died due to issues during  
pregnancy and childbirth in the year 2017 - 35,000. 
The number was 103,000 in 2000.